Steven Nickolas is a freelance writer and has 10+ years of experience working as a consultant to retail and institutional investors. Amy is an ACA and the CEO and founder of OnPoint Learning, a ...

Carrying value equals bond face value plus unamortized premiums or minus discounts. Calculate it using face, current term, and premium or discount per year. Investors use carrying value to assess bond ...

Government bonds are debt securities issued by a government to support its spending and obligations. Investors who buy these bonds are, in essence, lending money to the government. In return, the ...

A municipal bond’s embedded call option allows the issuer of the bond to “call” (i.e., pay back) the debt at a date prior to the bond’s final maturity, which allows the issuer to reduce the cost of ...

If you’re an equity investor, you buy stocks at the current market price and hope they appreciate. For debt investors, it’s the opposite concept. Investors buy bonds based on their face value: the ...