Trigger” wasn’t meant for everyday discomfort. Learn why its misuse matters and how better language supports healing and ...

Evolution away from shell-shock The next wave of the study of trauma came when the Second World War saw another influx of soldiers dealing with similar symptoms. It was Abram Kardiner, a clinician ...

Shell shock is a term originally coined in 1915 by Charles Myers to describe soldiers who were involuntarily shivering, crying, fearful, and had constant intrusions of memory. It is not a term used in ...

Most of the 9.7 million soldiers who perished in WWI were killed by the conflict's unprecedented firepower. Many survivors experienced acute trauma. Hulton Archive / Getty Images In September 1914, at ...

English physician Charles Myers, who wrote the first paper on “shell-shock” in 1915, theorized that these symptoms actually did stem from a physical injury. He posited that repetitive exposure to ...