Recall that R is a statistical programming language—a language designed to do things like t-tests, regression, and so on. The core of R was developed during the 1970s and since then, many libraries ...

Python is best thought of as a dynamic but strongly typed language. Types aren’t associated with the names of things, but with the things themselves. This makes Python flexible and convenient for ...

Python, for all its power and popularity, has long lacked a form of flow control found in other languages—a way to take a value and match it elegantly against one of a number of possible conditions.